In accordance with Article 7 of the Regulations for the Implementation of the Land Administration Law, the competent departments of natural resources of the people's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen cadastral management and establish and improve cadastral databases。Cadastre was originally established for the purpose of taxation to record the location, boundary, quantity, quality, ownership, use, land type and other conditions of the land tax list and books, its main content is the registration of the corresponding tax area of the land, soil quality and land tax。The main function of modern cadastral has been changed to protecting land property rights and serving for taxation, which has become the basis for decision-making of natural resources management and urban construction management。Cadastre is a map book that records the ownership, boundary site, quantity, quality, grade, use, land type and other basic conditions of land for a certain purpose。The cadastre has the characteristics of space, public trust, accuracy and continuity。

Cadastre is divided into tax cadastre, property cadastre and multi-purpose cadastre。The tax cadastre is a register established by various countries in the early period for the purpose of taxation，The main content of the record is the name of the land taxpayer, the land location, the land area and the land grade required for determining the tax rate.The means adopted by the tax cadastre are mainly measuring the land area and grading the land according to soil quality and land products。Property cadastre, also known as legal cadastre, is a land property registration book established by the state to safeguard the legal rights of land, encourage land transactions, prevent land speculation and protect the rights and interests of both buyers and sellers of land。Multi-purpose cadastre, also known as modern cadastre, is the further development of tax cadastre and property cadastre, providing information services for taxation or property rights protection, land use and agricultural land protection, and comprehensive and scientific land management。

Cadastre is divided into initial cadastre and daily cadastre。Initial cadastre refers to the initial cadastre set up after a comprehensive survey of all the land in the region during a certain period of time。Daily cadastre is a cadastral book which is modified, supplemented and updated based on the original cadastre to maintain the current status of the cadastre in view of the changes in land quantity, quality, ownership, distribution, utilization and usage。Initial cadastre and daily cadastre constitute an integral system。

Cadastre is divided into national cadastre and grassroots cadastre。It is customary to refer to the cadastral work performed by land management departments at and above the county level as the national cadastral work, while the grassroots cadastral work refers to the cadastral work performed by township land management offices and village-level production units, state-owned agricultural, animal husbandry and fishery production teams, and other non-agricultural construction units below the county level。

Cadastre is divided into urban cadastre and rural cadastre。The object of urban cadastre is the land in the built-up area or planning area of cities and towns, as well as the land independent of industrial and mining enterprises, railways, transportation and so on outside the town。Large scale cadastral map should be used in urban cadastral map, and the cadastral survey data should be measured by high precision measurement method。The object of rural cadastre is the land owned by rural collectives, the land used by state-owned farms and the land used by rural residential areas。

At present, the content of cadastral management in China is mainly manifested in five aspects:

One is land survey。Land survey is a survey to find out the quantity, quality, distribution, use and ownership of land and the dynamic changes of land elements。According to the different contents of land survey, it can be divided into cadastral survey, land use status survey and land condition survey。Second, land grading。Land grading is a kind of land grade and standard land price based on the investigation of land use conditions and land use classification, and based on Marx's theory of land rent and land price。Third, real estate registration。The registration of real estate is a legal act in which the state records the ownership relationship, use, area, conditions of use, grade and price of land and houses in a special book in accordance with legal procedures。At present, according to the provisions of our law, the registration of real estate mainly refers to the registration of state-owned land use right, collective land ownership, collective land use right and other land rights。Fourth, land statistics。Land statistics refers to the systematic, comprehensive and continuous investigation, classification, sorting and analysis of the quantity, quality, use, distribution and ownership status of land by the State, so as to provide the state with land statistical data and implement statistical supervision。Fifth, cadastral archives management。Cadastral archives management refers to the systematic filing, storage and utilization of historical records such as characters, charts, audio and video, which are directly formed in the process of cadastral management and have the value of preservation and investigation。All the historical records directly formed in cadastral activities, reflecting cadastral management activities in the form of words, figures, charts, audiovisual and other forms, with preservation value, are cadastral archives。

Cadastral management is a comprehensive work integrating administration, technology and law. In order to ensure the smooth progress of cadastral work, cadastral management must follow the following basic principles: First, cadastral management must be carried out in accordance with the national laws and regulations on land management and cadastral management。So-called unification，That is: unified content and methods, unified policies and requirements, unified standards and specifications，That is, the contents and methods of cadastral management shall be uniformly formulated by the state.The format, items, contents, classification system of registration, declaration procedure and date of the maps, tables, cards and registers of the cadastre shall be in accordance with the unified requirements of the State;Land classification system and criteria，The units and procedures for statistics and registration shall be subject to the unified provisions of the State。The second is to ensure the systematic, continuous and current status of cadastral data。The systematicness, continuity and current status of cadastral data means that all kinds of cadastral data should be organized, the data of each period should be connected without interruption, and the data should be updated in time to reflect the actual conditions of cadastral elements。The third is to ensure the reliability and accuracy of cadastral data。Cadastral data is the basic empirical data that the government possesses, which is related to the interests and conflicts of interests of land owners and land users. Incorrect data often lead to land disputes, conflicts, contradictions and even wars among the parties concerned。Therefore, it is necessary to ensure the reliability and accuracy of cadastral data。The fourth is to ensure the generality and integrity of cadastral data。The generality and completeness of cadastral data means that according to the principle of territorial management, the spatial and geographical scope involved in cadastral management should be all the land in urban and rural areas under its jurisdiction, and at the same time, the cadastral data between regions or between parcels should not be interrupted and repeated, and the content of cadastral data should include all the information stipulated by the state。